18-19-Tyndaris Dedicates the Tetragonal Agora to Emperor Hadrian
				FBA2022-6013
				Project 6013: 18-19	Inventory No:  AC-15a,b
				Coordinat	18 - 36°31'25.78" N / 30°33'6.91" E 19 - 36°31'25.77" N / 30°33'7.23" E
				Measurement Accuracy	1 m in areas with dense vegetation
				Location	in-situ               incertus
				Found In	In front of the Tetragonal Agora
				Date Range	December 10, 130 - December 9, 131
				Material	Tabula recovered in two pieces and decorated with ivy branch and flower reliefs on the ear ansata carved, door architrave block
				Measures	height: 0.66 m; width: 2.24 m; depth: 0.39 m
	Inscription Contents
	Hellenic
	Translation
	Tyndaris, daughter of Dioteimos Rufinus, son of Gnaius Licinius, son of Gnaius Licinius, son of Marcus, built this Tetragonal Agora in dedication to the Emperor Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus, grandson of the late Nerva, son of the late Traianus Parthicus, pontifex maximus, 15th time tribunica potestas, 3 times consul, father of the fatherland, Olympios, savior of the whole universe, the fatherland and the city of the Phaselisians. tribunica potestas, consul 3 times, father of the fatherland, Olympios, the savior of the whole universe, the fatherland and the city of Phaselis (Tüner Önen, 2008, 318-319, nr. 15)
	Letter Attribute
	Letter Character			In standard form	Letter Height	0.05 m; for tabula anzata, height: 0.47 m; width: 1,35 m.
	Yazıt Taşıyıcısının Konservasyon Durumu
	1	Intervention Date		Consevation Team	Materials Used	Changes Made
		Pre-conservation view			Post-conservation view	Analysis
	Edition
	CIG 4335; Dürr 1881, 120 vd. nr. 126; IGR III 759; Weber 1907, 225 vd.; Van Buren 1908, 186 vd. nr. 13; TAM II 1194; Tüner Önen, 2008, 317-319, nr. 15.
	Text Commentary
	"This is the case of a woman named Tyndaris who built the Tetragonal Agora at Phaselis in dedication to Emperor Hadrian. Tyndaris, just like Plancia Manga in Perge and Iulia Sancta in Attaleia, followed the fashion of the period and built this structure dedicated to the emperor as a member of one of the leading families of Phaselis. It is quite common for women to engage in such public affairs in Roman cities. The building where the inscription is located is a small area in the middle of the city, on the edge of the main road leading from the city harbor to the south harbor. A basilica was built inside the building, whose outer walls are mostly preserved for about 1 meter. Due to the filled ground and the late construction, nothing can be seen from the inner structure of the Agora. In front of the southeastern façade of the Agora, there is a 35 m long and 6 m deep sidewalk rising from the main street by stairs. To the left and right of the entrance are the statue bases of Voconius Saxa and Opramoas (Nos. 23, 26). In its present state, the building does not provide any information about the function of the agora, but these statues at the entrance suggest that it served political and administrative purposes. Measuring 33 m × 37 m, this building is probably named the Tetragonal Agora because of its distinctive type, which distinguishes it from other agoras in terms of use and shape. Apart from Phaselis, the designation τετράγγωνος ἀγορά is also found at Ephesos5 and Kyzikos6 (Tüner Önen, 2008:318-319). Str. 1 ΠΑΡ...ΟΥ, CIG. Str. 3 ΟΥΣΙ..ΙΕΥΠΑΤΟΤΟΤΟ.ΑΤΡΙΟΣ, CIG; ἐξουσί[ας τὸ β´] ὑ[π]άτ(ω) τὸ β´ τ[ῶ]ι θε[ῶι] van Buren. Str. 4 ΤΟΣΚΟΣΝΟΥ, CIG. Str. 5 ΑΤΡΙ .Ο..ΤΗ.ΦΑΣΗΛΙΚΩΝ, CIG; π]α[τ]ρί[δος, τῆς] τ[ῶν] Φασηλειτῶν Van Buren. Str. 6 ΤΕΙΜ ..ΣΕΗΛΙΟΥΛΙΚ, CIG; Τ(υ)[ν]δαρὶς Διοτεί[μου, γυνὴ] Γ(α)ΐου van Buren. The name Τυνδαρίς is not a common name in Anatolia, Greece and the islands. Dioteimos Rufinus, mentioned in the inscription as the father of Tyndaris, was originally the son of a man named Gnaius Licinius, but was later adopted by another man named Marcus. Διότειμος = Διότιμος. This name, which is quite common in Lycia, has so far only been documented for one person in Phaselis (Tüner Önen, 2008:318-319). Str. 7 ΜΑΡΚΙΟΥ, CIG; Μάρκου υἱ[οῦ], Ῥουφ[είνου Π]ετρ(ω)[νια]νο(ῦ) ἀγοραν-| [ομοῦντος .....], van Buren. The Roman epithet Ῥούφεινος = Ῥούφινος (lat. Rufinus) is documented for only one individual at Phaselis. The reference to the Tetragonal Agora in this line was first made by Kalinka. Since this line completes the tabula, it seems certain that the words τετράγωνον ἀγοράν complete the inscription, but earlier scholars accepted the verbal form ἀγοραν[ομοῦντος] for one more line, and this error persisted in studies much later than Kalinka (Tüner Önen, 2008:318-319)."
	Bibliography
	1	Akçay, A 2016, New Technological Approaches Used in Cultural Heritage Research: The Case of Phaselis Inscriptions. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Akdeniz University. Antalya.
	Research Status
	Research and development studies are ongoing within the scope of FBA2022-6013.